Taylorism Essay Example for Free

Taylorism EssayAccess to this document was granted through and through an Emerald subscription provided by UNIVERSITY OF SURREY For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service. selective information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www. emeraldinsight. com/authors for much information. About Emerald www. emeraldinsight. comThat aspect of the factorys activities on which Thompsons report focused is the inspection part described by Taylor4,5. He notes that in this department the women inspectors were employed at the task of inspecting ball-bearings for defects. This was invent that required great skill and very close attention. When Taylor began work at the plant the women were employed ten-and-a-half hours per day. On Saturdays, a half holiday was allowed, so the women worked a 58-hour week which was the full stra ngle allowed by law.For the first ii months after piecework was introduced, the women continued to labour ten-and-a-half hours per day. It was found, however, that they had difficulty maintaining the degree of concentration required. On both day work and piecework, the inspectors became tired before the day was done. Accordingly, in August of 1897 the hours of labour were shortened from tenand-a-half to nine-and-a-half per day and a take apart of five minutes was allowed in the middle of the morning and the middle of the afternoon. Notwithstanding this shortening of hours, both the eccentric and the quantity of output improved.Overall, the workers produced 33 per cent more work than they had the previous month. As the inspectors were still adjusting to piecework, Taylor inflexible it was not possible to determine to what extent the outgrowthd output was a result of the shorter hours. However, the next increase in hourly productivity he perceived as being solely the product of t he step-down of worktime. Once convinced things were working very smoothly in the inspection department, Taylor reduced the workday to eight-and-a-half hours and change magnitude the morning and afternoon breaks to ten minutes8, p. . This hours reduction again had a positive depression on hourly output. The increase in productivity, however, was all sufficient to equalizer the reduction in hours. In other words, although overall output was maintained, it did not increase as it had in July. As output had only been maintained with the second reduction it was assumed the near efficient balance of worktime and work intensity had in all probability been achieved. Given this situation it was decided to leave the working day at eight-and-a-half hours and no further reductions in hours were introduced.In concluding the report, Thompson observed that it should not be believed that the eight-and-a-half hour day was an optimum that ought to be choose in all situations. Different types of work would almost certainly require a different balance of working hours and work intensity. Knowledge of the optimum time schedule in any given part should not be presumed but should be based on careful, empirical testing. If this form of testing was undertaken, he concluded, a very substantial case could be developed for extending the reduction of working hours throughout exertion Taylorism and hours of work 11 JMH 1,2 2 It is not too much to claim that in a big number of cases, especially in industrial establishments, the length of day might be shortened to the returns of both the workman and the capitalist, provided that some incentive be given to the worker, such as the promise, if he is a piece-worker, that his rate per piece will not be cut if he exerts himself8, p. 9. A second most important observation regarding the limits of worktime reductions was also advanced. Thompson noted that logically there must be a limit to the extent to which the shortening of hours, in itself, has a positive effect on output.